SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Penders, Christopher L.; Staatz, John M.; Tefft, James F..

Agricultural Environmental Indicators: Using OECD Agri-Environmental Indicators to Assess New Zealand Kiwifruit Orchards

Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 6.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11303

Saunders, Caroline M.; Kaye-Blake, William; Campbell, Rachel; Benge, J..

Agri-environmental indicators (AEIs) developed by the OECD have been used to assess the environmental performance of the agricultural sector in developed countries. The Agricultural Research Group on Sustainability (ARGOS) in New Zealand has investigated using these AEIs to assess the performance of individual kiwifruit orchards. ARGOS is following panels of orchards to investigate the impacts of organic and conventional management systems on economic, sociological, and environmental dimensions of farming. The environmental monitoring of these orchards has provided data for calculating AEIs. The paper discusses the performance of ARGOS orchards, the impact of management systems, and the implications for future research.

Agricultural Growth, Rural Poverty and Hunger In Africa

Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental indicators; Kiwifruit; Organic agriculture; Sustainability; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97163

Otieno, Zipora Awuor.

The long-term reduction of hunger and poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa remains one of the great challenges for the International development community. Poverty in Africa is predominately rural, majority of the poor people live in rural areas and are dependent on food production through farming or livestock keeping for most of their livelihood. It is estimated that over two hundred million people in Sub-Saharan Africa live in extreme poverty and among these are the rural poor in Eastern and Southern Africa where the worlds highest concentration of poor people are found. Given Agriculture’s central role in the region’s economies, can agriculture play a major role in poverty alleviation? How can Africa’s role in poverty reduction be enhanced? What could be done...

Agricultural Household Response to Avian Influenza Prevention and Control Policies

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52179

Beach, Robert H.; Poulos, Christine; Pattanayak, Subhrendu K..

Recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Asia, Europe, and Africa have caused severe impacts on the poultry sector through bird mortality and culling, as well as resulting trade restrictions and negative demand shocks. Although poultry producers play a major role in preventing and controlling avian influenza, little research has examined the influence of their farm-level decision making on the spread of the disease. In this study, we describe farm behavior under livestock disease risk and discuss data and analyses necessary to generate sound empirical evidence to inform public avian influenza prevention and control measures.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural household model; Avian influenza; Control measures; Economic epidemiology; Livestock disease; Poultry production; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6537

Agricultural Prices, Food Consumption and the Health and Productivity of Farmers

Rosenzweig, Mark R.; Pitt, Mark M..

Agricultural production in Greater Sekhukhune: the future for food security in a poverty node of South Africa?

Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 1984

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7471

Drimie, Scott; Germishuyse, T.; Rademeyer, L.; Schwabe, Craig.

This paper argues that within the range of complementary activities necessary to secure the food security of marginalised groups in South Africa in places such as Greater Sekhukhune, the aspect of agricultural production is often neglected. A comprehensive approach to food security should focus on exploiting opportunities around increasing local food availability through production, as well as stimulating food accessibility by, for example, supporting small enterprises through micro-credit, and supporting food utilisation through education. In this way a range of options is created that vulnerable people can adopt to promote their livelihoods beyond survivalist strategies. This paper explores the issue of agricultural production within Greater Sekhukhune...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Food security; Agricultural production; Household surveys; Greater Sekhukhune; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55045

Agricultural Research and Policy for Better Health and Nutrition In Developing Countries: A Food Systems Approach

Pinstrup-Andersen, Per.

This paper is about the two-way causal relationships between the global food system and health and nutrition. It argues that the global food system begins and ends with health and that the prioritization and implementation of agricultural research and policy should consider health and nutrition effects. An integrated health and food policy approach is likely to be more effective in achieving both health and economic development goals that the current practice of separate sectorial policies. The paper identifies a large number of health and nutrition factors affecting and affected by the food system and suggests research and policies to enhance positive effects and reduce negative ones.

AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AND FOOD POLICY TO COMBAT IRON DEFICIENCY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Palavras-chave: Health and agriculture; Food policy; Global food system; Agricultural research; Nutrition policy; Health and the food system; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25414

Bouis, Howarth E..

Breeding for food-staple plant varieties that load high amounts of iron and zinc in their seeds holds great promise for making a significant, low-cost, and sustainable contribution to reducing iron and zinc deficiencies in humans in developing countries. This strategy also may well have important spinoff effects for increasing farm productivity in developing countries in an environmentally-beneficial way. Understanding how household incomes, food prices, and culturally-based preference patterns interact to drive food consumption and nutrient intake patterns can provide crucial background information for designing effective nutrition intervention programs. Research in both of these areas is being pursued under a five-year project organized by the...

Agricultural Value Chain Development in West Africa – Methodological framework and case study of mango in Benin

Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 1994

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49996

van Melle, Cathelijne; Coulibaly, Ousmane; Hell, Kerstin.

Globalization and competitiveness of agricultural commodities could have significant potential benefits for food security and poverty reduction in West Africa. Participation in global trade and economy is potentially important but not enough to ensure benefits at all levels of the chains and equitable distribution of income for each participant. Efficiency is key in the commodity value chain, but effective support functions and services, infrastructure, legal and policy environment are important. This paper presents the framework of value chain concept and analysis, as a guide to enhance competitiveness of commodities at national, regional or global level. The paper applies the value chain framework to a case study on mango in Benin, West Africa. The...

AGRICULTURAL WAGES AND FOOD PRICES IN EGYPT: A GOVERNORATE-LEVEL ANALYSIS FOR 1976-1993

Palavras-chave: Benin; Mango; Value chain; West Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51994

Datt, Gaurav; Olmsted, Jennifer.

The trend in real agricultural wages in Egypt is described well by an inverted U-shaped curve with a peak around 1985. But the rise and fall of real wages masks a complex dynamic process by which nominal wages adjust in response to changes in food prices. We use governorate-level panel data for 1976–1993 to explore the nature of this adjustment process. Our results indicate that nominal wages adjust slowly. There is a significant negative initial impact of rising food prices on real wages, though wages do catch up in the long run.

Agriculture and The Challenge to Reduce Poverty in East Africa

Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94859

Lazaro, Evelyne A.; Makindara, Jeremia R..

The three East African (EA) countries Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda have a population of about 95 million people and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of USD 34.2 billion. In recent years efforts has been made among the three East African countries, towards forging economic and regional co-operation by establishing the East African Community (EAC). The premise for economic and regional co-operation has been underpinned for the need for a common market and boost regional trade. The ultimate goal of these efforts is to achieve one of the international development objectives of increasing growth to 7% a year that is required to reduce income poverty. One of the challenges that East African countries need to tackle in the face of globalisation is the ability to...

Agriculture for Food and Nutrition Security: A Must For Achieving the Millennium Development Goals in Africa

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52104

Dittoh, Saa; Abizari, Abdul-Razak; Akuriba, Margaret A..

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) underscore an overriding importance of human development for sustained economic, social, political and other development, and nutrition is the beginning of human development. Nutrition has, however, not been viewed as a development imperative in many African countries. Agricultural and health policies, projects and programmes and the conduct of agricultural and health research in most African countries do not consider nutrition to any significant degree. The paper argues that food production, poverty, malnutrition and health are very intricately linked and the result of that linkage is probably the most important determinant of development and, thus, the realization of the MDGs in Africa. It also argues that it is...

Agriculture in the Uruguay Round: Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52217

Petrey, L.A.; Johnson, R.W.M..

In this paper the sanitary measures for the meat trade in Pacific Rim countries are assessed from the perspective of the current GATT negotiations on sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures. These negotiations include harmonisation of standards, greater transparency of domestic technical regulations, better risk assessment, promoting area freedom and improved dispute settlement procedures. It is concluded that greater coordination of SPS measures can overcome the potential misuse of some domestic policy sanitary instruments that impede international agricultural trade.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 1993

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9626

Agrifood safety standards, market power and consumer misperceptions

Giraud-Heraud, Eric; Grazia, Cristina; Hammoudi, Abdelhakim.

This paper analyzes how the implementation of a food safety standard affects firms strategic behaviour within the context of a food chain. We provide a formal analysis, which considers that the sanitary risk results from a strong heterogeneity of upstream production conditions and the final demand depends on consumers risk estimations (given that consumers may underestimate or, conversely, overestimate the sanitary risk). We show how downstream (processing or retailing) firms may be prompted to play a positive role with respect to food safety, either by selecting only the safest upstream producers or by encouraging the improvement of suppliers production conditions. When the degree of consumers risk misperception is relatively low, then a downstream...

Agri-food supply chains and sustainability-related issues: evidence from across the Scottish agri-food economy

Palavras-chave: Food safety standards; Market power; Risk misperception; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7849

Leat, Philip M.K.; Lamprinopoulou-Kranis, Chrysa; Revoredo-Giha, Cesar; Kupiec-Teahan, Beata.

This paper examines the influence of agri-food supply chains on the sustainability-related activities and decisions of Scottish farmers, as well as the treatment of sustainability issues by food processors and retailers themselves. It is based on 8 whole chain case studies covering some of Scotland‘s major agricultural products. The cases identify differing levels of understanding and activities related to sustainability, but widespread acknowledgement that sustainability involves the development of chains within which all parties can achieve acceptable profits. Indeed, collaborative supply chains, which seek improved economic performance, frequently assist environmental and social sustainability. The main drivers of sustainability are found to be the cost...

Agro-terrorism and the Grain Handling Systems in Canada and the United States

Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Food; Supply chain; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q13; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108952

Nganje, William E.; Wilson, William W.; Nolan, James F..

The grain handling sector in Canada and the United States is vital to agriculture and trade. In a typical year on the Canadian prairies, about 140,000 producers deliver some 20 to 30 mmt of grain for export to primary elevators. In the United States, about 2.1 million producers deliver about 300 mmt of grain to primary elevators. Canadian grain is moved to export position using more than 400,000 hopper cars and marine containers, where about 1,200 ships per year are loaded. In the United States, about 1.08 million rail carloads of grain are originated per year, and about 23 mmt of grain are shipped on barges per year. These U.S. figures are in addition to trucks, which, more so than in Canada, are also used to deliver grain to primary processors and to...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45745

AJAE Appendix: Does Participation in the Food Stamp Program Increase the Prevalence of Obesity and Health Care Spending?

Meyerhoefer, Chad D.; Pylypchuk, Vuriy.

The material contained herein is supplementary to the Article named in the title and published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, forthcoming.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7045

Alliance Performances in the Dutch Biotechnology Sector

Garbade, Philipp J.P.; Fortuin, Frances T.J.M.; Omta, S.W.F. (Onno).

In the biotechnology sector small R&D intensive firms play a fundamental role to keep innovation rates high. With less bureaucratic burdens, low level of hierarchy and high internal flexibility they are able to move fast and to make most efficient use of unique competences. Still their shortage in resources, related to company size, makes them dependent on a strong network of alliances to get access to missing competences and materials. This paper aims at establishing the influence of alliance characteristics on the innovation performance of firms in the biotechnology sector. It presents a conceptual model to clarify the special role of collaboration intensity and how human resource exchange is related to innovation performance of biotechnology...

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Collaboration intensity; Human resources exchange; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121999

Allocating Vote: Biosecurity - Towards an "Economics-Based" Approach for Setting Priorities for the Importation of Risk Goods

Ryan, Michael.

The New Zealand government (through its agency the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, MAF) seeks to mitigate the potential negative impacts of importation through requiring commodities that may pose a risk to New Zealand's primary production systems, human health, indigenous flora, fauna or biodiversity to have an import health standard. Given, potential import opportunities exist in a wide variety of commodities from many different countries, the demand for import health standards far outweighs MAF's available resources to develop them. Therefore MAF must have a framework that prioritises which import health standards will be developed. This paper briefly presents the framework MAF is currently using to undertake the prioritisation of import health...

Almonds Lead Increase in Tree Nut Consumption

Palavras-chave: Prioritisation; Biosecurity; Multiple criteria decision making; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31949